Microsoft's Windows 10 and Apple's IOS 8.4.1 operating systems have driven a new wave of upgrades for PCs and mobile phones. Various APPs with the latest functions and the highest applications have come into view one after another, and we are living in artificial colors. , I found out after the excitement that these highly tempting experiences took so much time, and the next round of upgrades was still exchanged.
The industrial computer industry is also unwilling to be lonely. The Germans shouted their own concept of Industry 4.0 in an attempt to lead the next wave of manufacturing trends. Come to think of it calmly, there are a few problems here that the Germans say they can't do. , the technical system of Industry 4.0, which consists of machinery, electronics and software. Germany's strength lies in machinery manufacturing, while in electronics and software, there are few international leading companies, and Siemens alone is struggling. Second, M2M machine-to-machine and CPS cyber-physical fusion system are not weak in Germany, and their applications are relatively comprehensive, forming a strong material basis for Industry 4.0. However, in terms of Internet standards, software technology, and systems, only a few companies such as SAP play a leading role in some industries. If the world pattern is used as the background, it is a bit of a pediatrician. Third, Germany's future scientific and technological research and practice are far behind the United States and cannot support the grand plan of Industry 4.0. Let's put it this way, without the American ideology, software and innovation system, without Japan's electronics, production management and core technologies, a German family cannot play the super chariot of Industry 4.0.
So why are the Germans so loudly advocating Industry 4.0? Find a way. Among the developed countries, only Germany's manufacturing GDP accounts for more than 25 percent . The manufacturing industry affects the rise and fall of Germany, and the rise and fall of Germany also involves the advance and retreat of the European Union (Austria in the German-speaking area is also similar, but the economy is small, and it is very important to the world's manufacturing industry. The industry structure has a very weak impact). Based on employment and economic stability, developed countries such as the United States are experiencing a surge in the return of high-end manufacturing, which poses a great threat to Germany's high-end manufacturing. The rise of middle developed countries such as China is also swallowing up the tower base market dominated by German companies. What's more, from the perspective of global education, culture, population, market volume, innovation and other comprehensive factors, Germany's global voice is becoming weaker day by day. After holding back for a long time, the German government and enterprises finally came up with a very scary Industry 4.0 "paper tiger".
Desde un punto de vista conceptual, la Industria 4.0 es exagerada y puede considerarse como Industria 2.0. A lo sumo, puede llevar el sombrero de copa de la Industria 3.0. Máquina de vapor, electricidad y automatización, estas tres generaciones de tecnología industrial se pueden clasificar como una sola generación, ¿por qué? Debido a que el progreso tecnológico es acumulativo, no hay un efecto dramático de subversión. Sin embargo, la tecnología de carbón-ha avanzado, y la diversidad de fuentes de energía ha aumentado, y los cambios que se perciben visualmente son mucho mayores que los cambios en la connotación tecnológica. Para ser más precisos, las máquinas de vapor, la electricidad y la automatización tienen el mismo propósito: reemplazar a los seres humanos, reemplazar la fuerza muscular humana con una fuerza mecánica más poderosa y expandir el ritmo y el espacio de las actividades humanas.
Ahora, con el advenimiento de inteligencia, equipos y equipos, fábricas y fábricas, industrias e industrias, y entre ellas, confiando en la plataforma unificada de Internet y utilizando la comunicación oportuna y el intercambio de tecnología de la información, pueden asignar recursos globales de manera efectiva, con una inversión más pequeña, generar una mayor producción sigue siendo el enfoque más clásico en economía. Por un lado, los seres humanos están averiguando cómo obtener más beneficios de él, liberar a las personas del trabajo mecánico y dar rienda suelta a su creatividad; por otro lado, nos enfrentamos a cómo evitar el desempleo y otros desastres y evitar que una nueva generación de resentimiento Ludd Molecular se acumule masivamente. Esto es como una gran batalla de-zurdos y diestros-luchando.
From a practical point of view, the relationship between people and the world is still at the level of demand: less input, more and better output. Mass production keeps improving the quality of products and services while lowering product prices. Ordinary people have enjoyed the riches of the past decades. This is a leap{{0}}forward development of human dignity. Among them, technology, capital, craftsmanship, assembly line, and lean management have become the core driving forces for enterprise development, economic growth and people's livelihood improvement. Even in the development of China, only a small part of our happiness and suffering is related to materials, and more is related to the material acquisition and distribution system. The super-material generating machine of Industry 4.0 has obvious boosting power for fairness, justice and justice, but it cannot play a decisive role.
Ideologically speaking, Industry 4.0 has not touched on the solution of the contradiction between technological progress and sufficient employment. Many educational levels cannot keep up with the speed of technological progress, resulting in the tragedy of machines replacing people. More advanced technology and equipment, generating higher productivity, GDP and wealth, are increasingly falling into the pockets of capital, entrepreneurs and highly skilled individuals. The faster the technological progress, the greater the social income gap, and if forcibly helping the disadvantaged, it will lead to social laziness, greed and corrupt habits. Obviously, the concept of Industry 4.0 does not propose a package solution centered on the employment and dignity of ordinary people. For a country with a high-level labor force like Germany, it may not hurt much, but for many underdeveloped countries, will Industry 4.0 be a blitzkrieg that destroys the foundation of industry and people's livelihood?
Las ganancias de la industria manufacturera son demasiado escasas y el capital, los talentos y la atención social son mucho menos populares que las industrias de inteligencia artificial y tecnología de la información. Por eso, la industria manufacturera también está pensando en cómo transformarse con las nuevas tecnologías, mejorar la rentabilidad y ganarse el favor del capital. Después de ingresar a algunas líneas de producción de robots industriales, agregar un conjunto de software de administración para el procesamiento automático de información y entrar en el campo del comercio electrónico B2B o B2C, gritó que había ingresado al nuevo mundo de Industry 4. 0. Xiangzhuang bailó su espada hacia Peigong, cualquiera con ojos puede ver esto.
If we use the division method of Industry 4.0, many of our enterprises are still on the edge of 2.0 and 3.0, let's say Industry 2.5. So, how do we go from 2.5 to 4.0? Step by step, embedded systems are widely used. Every machine and every system has an intelligent head to execute production and management instructions. This cost is probably worth trillions of yuan. It takes us to tighten our belts for decades to pay off the investment costs. Who would do it? The second step is to introduce an automated management system to transform the existing management methods, decision-making mechanisms and social division of labor system. This is a big movement of the whole society. Who has such great determination and patience? The third step is to form globally accepted software and hardware standards, so that the synergy between industries and regions can be brought into play in domestic and international production capacity. How much appeal and influence does this require?
Industria 4.0, independientemente de si es verdadero o falso, no es fácil de mover. Requiere un enorme poder financiero, avance tecnológico, poder de discurso industrial y dominio cultural. En estos cuatro aspectos, Estados Unidos es el más poderoso. ¿Por qué no enviar el grito de Industry 4.0? La industria manufacturera representa solo alrededor del 10 por ciento del PIB de EE. UU. Incluso si hay un rendimiento fuerte, aumentará a alrededor del 12 por ciento como máximo, lo que no es suficiente para cambiar la calidad interna y el patrón externo de la economía estadounidense. Además, Estados Unidos se ha apoderado firmemente de la autoridad de los sistemas de software y los mecanismos innovadores, esperando que otros practiquen la Industria 4.0, y luego están esperando oportunidades para ponerse al día mientras obtienen grandes ganancias.
Shall we follow up? Heart, don't rush to act, let alone move. In addition to high requirements for technology, equipment and systems, Industry 4.0 also places high expectations on education and culture. It requires an education system that produces a large number of "all-rounders" who are proficient in one technology, proficient in interdisciplinary fields, have good artistic and literary qualities, and demonstrate high leadership and management skills. Our test-based education system requires at least several generations of hard work, in order to have the opportunity to continuously cultivate such talents. Without such an all-rounder, even giving you all the hardware and software required for Industry 4.0 will not solve the big problems of talent, efficiency, employment and equality.
So are we just waiting for the Industry 4.0 opportunity to disappear before our eyes? Don't be so discouraged, talk less about fashionable concepts, and do more of the things in front of you. For manufacturing enterprises that are mainly standardized products, it is still necessary to do a good job in process management, process improvement, quality control and product design, do a good job in the basic skills of Industry 2.0, and move towards Industry 3.0 step by step. This is not only shameful, but also Can solve many employment problems. In Industry 2.0, the spirit of craftsmanship is the first among them.
Para el almacenamiento y la logística, la fabricación{{0}}de alta gama y otras empresas, deben seguir el ritmo de la Industria 3.0, apuntando al gran objetivo de 4.0, en el diseño y aplicación de procesos de automatización interna, el acoplamiento de informatización y cooperación estratégica de cadenas industriales externas, y práctica Llevar a cabo una transformación de estrategia, proceso, organización y gestión. La tecnología y el equipo solo pueden ser utilizados por personas, y la eficacia de las personas está determinada por la organización detrás de ellos.
Nuestra visión debe ir más allá del estrecho horizonte de los conceptos técnicos y mirar a través del universo de los patrones industriales, la gestión organizacional y las compensaciones estratégicas{{0}}. Con 1300 millones de personas y más de 60 billones de PIB, un juego de ajedrez tan grande y unos cuantos 4.0 vehículos industriales más solo saciarán nuestra sed temporal y no podrán lograr nuestra capacidad endógena de ganar ajedrez. . Basándonos en la fabricación básica de los productos industriales 2.0 y 3.0, e inmersos en la creación del mecanismo innovador, el sistema educativo y el entorno cultural innovador que requiere la Industria 4.0, nuestro La generación ha tenido un buen comienzo y el testigo se ha ido pasando de generación en generación. Independientemente de si surge el nuevo concepto de 5.0 o 10.0 en la industria manufacturera, definitivamente podemos seguir la tendencia y beneficiar al mundo con la integración de la sabiduría de Oriente y la tecnología y gestión de Occidente.
